Pakistan studies book 10th class in Urdu PDF download

pakistan studies book 10th class in urdu pdf

Introduction

Dear students here you download Pakistan studies book 10th class in Urdu PDF  easily.This book contains 5 chapters and 152 pages. In this book you learn Pakistan history and Pakistan old Prime ministers history. I explain all 5 chapters important paragraphs so if you want to read complete chapters then download this book book link given below.

5-History of Pakistan (part-2)

Zulifqar Ali Bhutto took over the office of president of Pakistan as well as Chief Martial Law Administrator on 20th December 1971.He said these words in his first speech"The country is facing a serious crises. I have assumed power at a time when the history of Pakistan has reached its turning point. I have to build a new and progressive Pakistan which Quaid-e-Azam dreamed, it is my belief that it will definitely be done".

6-Pakistan in World Affairs

A country sets its foreign policy in the light of domestic domestic policies. Foreign policy of a country does not remain static but changes according to time and circumstances Pakistan's principles of foreign policy are its ideology and national integration.Pakistan came to being on 14th of August 1947 and n inherited the legacy of foreign policy from the Sottish India. However it made some adjustments m accordance with its ideology and actives of Pakistan movement Its foreign policy as determined three factors 

1. Secant 
2. Development 
3. Ideology

 Its Security remains the cornerstone of its foreign policy. because of his geographical  location and historical background Its relationship v uh super powers and regional'powers have been Actuation according to political weather, in permanent feelings of countenance m their friendship. Thus Pakistan's Formosan police underwent changes to exigencies of time and requirement of emotional situation. However Pakistan evolved some base.

7-Economic Development

According to Professor Arthur Lewis "The increase in the production of goods and services is called economic development."To spend a better life, fundamental changes are brought about in the economy which results in economic development. In short, the movement of a backward economy towards becoming a developed economy is called economic development.In 1975 the government of Pakistan established organization called Pakistan industrial development corporation.Small industry means that industry which employs 2 to 9 workers and manufactures different items like poultry farm etc. 

8-Society - Culture of Pakistan

"The customary beliefs social forms, and material traits of racial religious or social group are called culture."Different facts of population such as total population and its regional distribution ratio of rural and urban population growth rate and population per kilometer, education and educational ability and significant professions of the people etc. Are on top. The process of obtaining these facts is called a census. Hindko is spoken in the districts of Rawalpindi and Attock in Punjab and districts of Abbotabad, Mansehra, Haripur, Peshawar and Kohat in Khyber Paktunkhwa.

Name	Pakistan Studies
Pages	152
Language	Urdu Medium
Size	45 MB

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9th Physics book pdf download English Medium free

9th Physics book pdf download

Introduction

Hi dear students if you want to really download 9th Physics book PDF then you are right place. This book contains 9 chapters and 226 pages. In this book you learn about different Physics rules we use in our normal life.You also read some different experiments.I explain all 9 chapters some important paragraphs if you really want to read this paragraphs or chapters with details then download 9th Physics book PDF.

1-Physical Quantities and Measurement

Man has always been inspired by the wonderful nature. Man always been wondered to know the secrets of nature. The knowledge gained knowledge about observations and experimentation is called Science. The word science is taken from the Latin word scientia, which means knowledge. Not until eighteenth century, vacuous aspect of material objects were studied under a single subject called natural philosophy. But as the knowledge depth increased, it was divided into two different type main streams; Biological sciences which are concerned with the study of living things and  Physical sciences which deal with the study of non-living things.Measurements are not confined to science.They are part of our lives. They play an important role to describe and understand the physical world. Over the centuries, man has improved the methods of measurements. In this chapter, we will study some most important physical quantities and a few useful measuring instruments related to Physics. We will also lean the measuring techniques that enable us to measure various quantities accurately.

2-Kinematics

The first thing concern to motion of an object is its kinematics. Kinematics is the study of motion of an his object without discussing the cause of motion. In this chapter, we will study the types of motion,vector and scalar quantities, the relation between speed, vekicuty, displacement and acceleration; linear motion and equations of motion. 

We see various things around us. Some of them are at rest while others are in motion.A body is said to be at rest, if it does not change its position with respect to its surroundings.

Surroundings are the places in its neighborhood where various objects are present.Similarly, A body is said to be in motion, if it changes its position with respect to its surroundings.

3-Dynamics

In kinematics, we are all studied the changes in motion only. An understanding about the changes in motion is a little value without knowing its causes. The branch of mechanics that deals with the study of motion an object and the cause its motion is called dynamics. In this chapter, we will study momentum and investigate what causes a change in the motion of a body and what role the mass of a body plays in its motion.

First law of motion  deals with bodies which are either at rest or moving signification speed at a straight line. According to Mr Newton's first law of motion, a body at rest remains rest provided no net forces acts on it. This part of the law is true that tell by Newton.As we know that objects do not move by themselves unless someone moves them.

4-Turning Effect of Forces

Can the nut of the axle of. a bike be loosened with hand'? Normally we use a spanner. A spanner increases the turning effect of force. Look at the picture on the previous page. What is the joker doing? Joker trying to balanced himself on wooden plank.Can we all do the same? With a little effort we can lean to balance a stick vertically up on our finger tip.Balanced objects are said to be in equilibrium. In this unit, we will lean many interesting concepts such as torque, equilibrium, etc. and their applications in daily life. All these for each are applied in the same direction so these are all parallel to each other. Such forces which are parallel to each other are called parallel forces.Figure 43 shows a bag with apples in The weight of the bag i due to the weight of all the app'es in it. Since the we got every apple in the force of gravity acting on it vertically downwards.therefore, weights of apples are the parallel forces. All these forces are acting in the same direction Such forces are called like parallel forces.In figure 44(a) an apple is string The slung is stretched due to weigh; the apple. The forces acting on it are; weight of the apple acting versatility downwards and tension in the string  it vertically upwards. The two forces are parallel out opposite to each other. These forces are called like parallel forces In figure 4 4(b), forces F, and F, are also unlike parallel forces, because they are parallel and opposite to each other. But F, and F, are tot acting along with same line and hence they are capable to rotate the body.Unlike parallel forces are the forces that are parallel but have directions opposite to each other.

5-Gravitation

Isaac Newton was the first man who came up with the idea of gravity. It was an evening of 1665 when he was sit under a tree to trying to solve the mystery why planets revolve around the Sun. Suddenly an apple fell from the tree under which he was wing. The idea of gravity flashed in his mind. He not only  discovered the cause of falling apple but he also discovered the Cause that makes the planets to revolve around the Sun and the moon around the Earth. This chapter deals with the concepts related to gravitation. On the basis of his observations, Newton concluded that the force which causes an apple to fall on the Earth and the force which keeps the moon in its orbit are of the same nature. He further concluded that there exists a force due to which of the universe attracts every other body 'Hi corned this force the force of gravitation. Every body in the universe attracts every other body with a force.If you read this paragraph and interested to download  9th Physics book PDF then scroll to end to download this book.

6-Work and Energy

In Physics, work is said to be done when a force acts on a body and moves it in the direction of the force. The question arises how much work is done? Naturally, greater is the force acting on a body and longer is the distance moved by it, larger would be the work done. Mathematically, Work is a product of force F and displacement S in the direction of force.Generally, work refers to perform some task or job. In science, work has precise meaning. For'example, a man carrying a load is doing work but he is not doing work it his ls not moving while keeping the load on his head. Scientifically, work is done only when an effort or force moves an object. When work is-done, energy is used. Thus, energy and work are related to each other. It helps us to identify changes that occur when work is done. This until deals with the concepts of work, power and variety.

7-Properties of Matter

Matter exists in three states, solid, liquid and gas There are many properties associated with matter.For example, matter has weight and occupies space.There are some other properties which are associated with one state of matter but not with other. For example, solids have shape of their own while liquids and gases do not. Woulds on the other hand have definite volume while gases do not have. Various materials differ in their hardness, solubility, flow, elasticity, density, conductivity and many other qualities. Kinetic molecular model helps to understanding the properties of matter in a simplified way.

8-Thermal properties of matter

We are all use heat not only for cooking but also for doing other jobs. For example, changing heat to  electrical energy, mechanical energy, etc. We can do this if we have basic understanding about heat.Heat is an very important concept of Physics. A quantitative study of thermal phenomena requires  a careful definition of such important terms as heat, temperature and internal energy. In this chapter, we shall discuss various concepts related to heat, temperature, measurements of temperature and various thermal phenomena. When we touch a body, we feel it hot or cold.The temperature of a body tells us how hot or cold a body is.Temperature of a body ls the degree of hotness or coldness.A fire Is hot and is said to be at high temperature. Ice on the other hand is cold and is said to be at-low temperature. What we need is a 'reliable and practicable method to,determine the relative hotness or coldness of bodies.To understand the concept of, temperature, it is useful to understand the terms, the) contact and thermal equilibrium. To store ice Ia summer, people wrap it with cloth or keep it in wooden box or in thermos flask. Io this way, they avoid the thermal contact of ice with its hot surroundings otherwise ice will soon melt away. Similarly, when you place a cup of hot tea or water in a room, 0 cools down gradually. Does it continue cooling? It stops cooling as it reaches the room temperature.

9-Transfer of Heat

Heat is an important form of energy. It is necessary for our survival. We need hear to cook our food and to maintain our body temperature. Heat is also needed in various industrial processes. How to protect ourselves from low as well as high temperature, needs knowledge of how heat travels. In this unit, we will study various ways of heat transfer.Recall what happens when two bodies at different temperature are in thermal contact with each other. Thermal energy from a hot body transfer to a cold body in the form of heat. This is called as transfer of heat.Transfer of heat is a natural process. There are three ways by which transfer of heat takes place.The handle of metal spoon held in hot water soon gets warm. But in case of a wooden spoon, the handle does not get warm. Both metals and non-metals conduct heat. Metal are generally better conductors than non-metals. I hope guys you read and want to download  9th Physics book PDF

Name	Physics
Pages	226
Language	English Medium
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9th class chemistry book English medium PDF Download

9th class chemistry book English medium PDF

Introduction

Here you download 9th class chemistry book English medium PDF for free. Book contains 8 chapters related to science and science experiments.In this book some scientist experiments explain.This book contains 161 pages.You really enjoy this book after reading so download this book.If you read all chapters introduction or starting paragraph explain below then it is best for you because after reading you understand about book then download book link given below.

1-Fundamentals of Chemistry

Science is used to understanding the world and its works. The branrh of science which deals with the composition, structure. propellers and reactions of matter is called chemise. It deals with every aspect of our life The development of science and technology has provided us a lot of' facilities daily lite. Imagine the role and importance of petrochemical products, medicines and drugs, soap, detergents,paints and pigments, insecticides, paper, plastics, pesticides which all are fruit of the efforts of chemists. The development of chemical industry has also generated  contaminated water,toxic wastes and polluted air around us. On the other hand, chemistry also provides knowledge and techniques to improve our health and environment and to explore and to conserve the natural resources. In this chapter we will study about different branches of chemistry, basic definitions and concepts of chemistry. 

Branches of Chemistry

• Physical Chemistry
• Organic Chemistry
• Inorganic Chemistry
• Biochemistry
• Industrial Chemistry
• Nuclear Chemistry
• Environmental Chemistry
• Analytical Chemistry

2-Structure of Atoms

Anctenr Greek philosopher Democritus suggested that matter composed of tiny individuals particles called atoms. The name atom was derived from the Latin word 'Atoms' meaning indivisible. In the beginning of 19 century John Dalton put forward Atomic Theory. According m it 'all matter is made up of very small indivisible particles called atoms'.

 Till the end of 19 century,it was considered that atom cannot be subdivided. However. m the beginning of 20' century, experiments performed by Godmother, J. J. Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr and other scientist revealed that atom w made up of subatomic particles like electron, piton and neutron. Proprieties of these subatomic particleboard be discussed in this chapter.

According to Dalton, an atom is an indivisible, hard, dense sphere. Atoms of the same clement are alike. They combine in different ways to form compounds. In the light of Dalton's atomic theory, scientists performed a series of experiments. But in the late l 800's and early 1900 s. scientists discovered new subatomic particles. In 1886 Goldstein discovered positively charged particles called protons. In 1897, J.J. Thomson found in an atom, the negatively charged particles known as electrons. It was established that electrons and electrons are fundamental particles of matter.

Based upon these observations Thomson put North his "pinto pudding" theory. He postulated that atoms were solid structures of positively charge with mores tiny negative particles stuck inside. It is like plums in the pudding. 

3-Periodic Table and Periodicity of Properties

In nineteenth century chemists devoted much of their efforts in attempts to arrange elements m a systematic manner. These efforts resulted in discovery of periodic law. On the basis of this law, the elements known at that tune, were arranged m the form of a table which is known as periodic table. One of the significant features of the table was that it predicted the propels of those elements which were not even discovered at that time. The vertical columns of that table were called groups and horizontal lines were called Pernod. That orderly arrangement of elements generally coincided with their increasing atomic number. The periodic table contains huge amount of information for scientists. 

PERIODIC TABLE

With the discovery of the periodic table the study of individual prophylactics of the known elements is reduced to study of a few groups. We will describe various attempts which were made to classify the elements mot a tabular form.

PERIODIC LAW

In 1913 H. Moseley discovered a new property of the elements. nucleate number. He observed that atomic number instead of atonal mass should determine the positron of element in the periodic table and accordingly the periodic law was amended as "propensity of the elements are periodic criterion of their atomic numbers". Atomic number of an element is equal to the number of electrons m a neutral atom. So atomic tumbler provides the basis of electronic configurations as well.

4-Structure of Molecules

The things around us are composed of matter. At matter is made up of the building units 'atoms'. These atoms combine to form molecules, which appear in different states of matter around us. The forces responsible for binding the atoms together in a molecule are called chemical forces or chemical bonds. These bondage forces which keep the atom together will be discussed in this chapter. It is a universal rule that everything m this world tends to become more stable.

Atoms achieve stability by attaining electronic configuration of noble gases (He, Ne2 or Ar etc) i.e  Having 2 or 8 electrons in the valence shell is sign of stability. Attaining row electrons in the valence shell is called duple rule while Maritain eight electrons in the valence shell is called octet rule.The noble gases do have 2 or 8 electrons in their valence sheds.Their atoms do not have vacant space in their valence shell to accommodate extra elements.Thai is why they are non-reactive.I hope you download 9th class chemistry book English medium PDF.

5-Physical States of Matter

Matter exists in three physical suttee i.e. gas, liquid and solid. The simplest form of matter is gaseous state.Liquids are less common but most of the matter exists as solid. Matter is gaseous state does not have definite shape and volume.Therefore. gases occupy will be available space. Their inter molecular forces are very weak. Pressure is a significant property cf gases. The effect of pressure and temperature on volume of a gas has been studied quite extensively.

The liquid state has strong inter molecular forces hence it has definite volume but it does not have definite shape. It contains the shape of the container in which it is kept. Liquids evaporate and their vapors exert pressure. When vapor pressure of a liquid becomes equal to external pressure, it boils. Liquids are less mobile than gases therefore, they diffuse slowly. The solid state has definite volume and shape. They are rigid and denser than liquids and gases. They exist in amorphous or crystalline forms.

6-Solutions

Solutions are homogeneous mixtures of two or mores components. Generally, solutions are found in three physical states depending upon the physical state of the solvent, e.g. alloy a solid solution;sea water is a liquid solution and air is a gaseous solution. Liquid solutions are the most common solutions.Due to most common solvent water. Therefor, there is a wide variety of liquid solutions ranging from a drop of rain oceans.
Sea water resource of 92 naturally occurring elements.

A solution also a homogeneous mixture of two or mores substances. The boundaries of the components can't be distinguished i.e. Sugar dissolved in water is an example of liquid solution. Simplest way distinguish between a solution and a pure liquid is evaporation.

7-Electrochemistry

Electrochemistry is the branch Chemistry.It use to deals with the relationship between electricity and chemical reactions. It involves oxidation and reduction reactions, which am also known as redo reactions. Redo reactions either take place spontaneously and produce electricity and is used to drive non-spontaneous reactions. Non-spontaneous reactions are three which take place in the pressure of an external agent These sections take Giggle in galvanic or electrolytic cells. Electrochemistry of used sodium guider Morphs sodium metal and dot of brine solution produces sodium hydroxide. 9g ,rudeness process of in along with its prevention, air discussed in detail.

8-Chemical Reactivity

The different kinds of materials around us exist m variety of forts. Things like hydroplanes, trains, building frames, automobiles or even different machines and toots. are due to different propensities of various metals. The non-metals exist as gases, liquidity and soft or hard solids. They occupy upper right Poseidon in the Periodic Table Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, sulfur, most of the halogens and the noble gases are non-metals. They show a variety of chemical activities. They form different ionic and covenant compounds, roan of which are solids or gases. Dear download 9th class chemistry book English medium PDF to read all chapters with details and experiments.

Name	Chemsitry
Pages	161
Language	English Medium
Size	40 MB

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9th mathematics(science group) EM book download free

9th mathematics book

Introduction

Here you download 9th mathematics book for free and easily.This book contains 17 chapters and 303 pages. This book important for students and you download this book. This book is totally free and download easily.

1-Matrices and Determinants

The matrices and determinants are used Physics, Statistics, Electronics, Mathematics and other branches of science. The matrices have played a very important role in this age of computer science.The idea of matrices was given by Arthur Carlyle, an English mathematician of nineteenth century, who first developed, Theory of Metrics in 1858.

2-Real and Complex Numbers

The numbers we use are the foundation of mathematics and we use different types of numbers in our daily life. So it is necessary to be familiar with various kinds of numbers. In this chapter we shall discuss real and complex numbers including their properties. There is a one-one correspondence between real numbers and the points on the real line. The basic operation of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division on complex numbers will also be discussed in this unit.

3-Logarithms

The difficult and complicated calculations become easier by using logarithms. Abu Muhammad Musa Al Khwarizmi first person who gave the idea of logarithms. Later on, in the seventeenth century John Napier extended his work logarithms and prepared tables for logarithms. He used e as the base for the preparation for logarithm tables. Professor Henry Briggs had a social interest in the work of Hohn Napier. He prepared logarithm tables with base 10. Antilogarithm table was prepared adn announced by Jobst Burgi in 1620 A.D.

4-Algebraic Expressions and Algebraic Formulas

Algebra is a generalization of arithmetic. Recall that when operation of addition and subtraction are applied to algebraic terms, we obtain an algebraic expression. If you want to read this chapter then download 9th mathematics book for free.

5-Factorization

Factorization plays an very important role in mathematics and it helps to reduce the study of complicated expression to the study of simpler expressions. In this unit, we deal with different types of factorization of polynomials.

6-Algebraic Manipulation

In this unit we will first deal with the finding H.C.F and L.C.M of algebraic expressions by factorization and long division. Then by using H.C.F and L.C.M we will simplify fractional expressions. Toward the end of the unit finding square root of algebraic expression by factorization and division are discussed.

7-Linear Equations and Inequalities

In this unit we will extend the study of previously learned skills to the solution of equations with rational coefficients of Unit 2 and the equations involving radicals and absolute value. Finally, after defining inequalities , and recalling their dichotomy, transitive, additive and multiplicative properties we will use them to solve linear inequalities with rational coefficients.

8-Linear Graphs & Their Application

I can't explain this chapter.If you want to read this chapter or want to solve questions then download 9th mathematics book for free link below down.

9-Introduction to Coordinate Geometry Descriptive Geometry

The study of geometrical shaped in a plane is called plane geometry. Coordinate geometry is the study of geometrical shaped in the Cartesian plane (coordinate plane). We know that a plane is divided into four quadrants by two perpendicular lines called the axes intersecting at origin. We have also seen that there is one to one correspondence between the points of the plane and the ordered pairs in R * R.

10-Congruent Triangles

In this unit before proving the theorems, we will explain what is meant by 1 - 1 correspondence (the symbol used for 1 - 1 correspondence is ) and congruence of triangles. We shall also state S.A.S postulate.

11-Parallelograms and Triangles

Before proceeding to prove the theorems in this unit the students are divised to recall definitions of polygons like parallelogram, rectangle, square, rhombus, trapezium etc. and in particular triangles and their congruence.

12-Line Bisectors and Angle Bisectors

In this unit we will prove theorems and their converses, if any, about right bisector of a line segment and bisector of an angle. But before that if will be useful to recall the following definitions.But before that it will be useful to recall the following definitions.

13-Sides and Angles of a Triangle

Recall that if two sides of a triangle are equal, then the angels apposite to them are also equal and vice-versa. But in this unit we shall study some interesting inequality relations among sided and angles of a triangle.

14-Ratio and Proportion

In this chapter we will prove some theorems and corollaries involving ratio and proportions of sides of triangle and similarity of triangles. A knowledge of ratio and proportion is necessary requirement of many occupations like food service occupation, medications in health, preparing maps for land survey and construction works, profit to cost ratios etc.Here dear you download 9th mathematics book easily.

15-Pythagoras Theorem

A Greek philosopher and mathematician discovered the simple but very important relationship between the sides of a right-angled triangle. He formulated these relationship in the form of a theorem called Pythagoras' Theorem after his name. There are various methods of proving this theorem. We shall prove it by using similar triangles. We shall state to prove its converse also then apply them to solve different problems.

16-Theorems Related With Area

In this chapter we will state and prove some important theorems related with area of parallelograms and triangles along with corollaries. We shall apply to solve the appropriate problems to prove some useful results.

17-Practical Geometry Triangles

In this unit we shall learn to construct different triangles, rectangles, squares etc. The knowledge of these basic constructions is very useful in every day life, especially in the occupations of wood-working, graphic art and metal trade etc. Intermixing of geometrical figures used to create artistic look. The geometrical constructions are usually made with the help of a pair of compasses, set squares, divider and a straight edge.Download 9th mathematics book for free.

Name	Mathematics(Science Group)
Pages	303
Language	English Medium
Size	44 MB

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9th Biology book English medium download for free

9th Biology book English medium

9th Biology book English medium

Introduction

In 9th biology book you read about human life.Here you also learn about animals and plants.This book is totally free and you download here easily.This book contains 9 chapters. I explain 5 chapters starting paragraphs.I change some line due to google plagiarism policy so if you want to read this chapter fully then download complete book.

1-Introduction To Biology

Biology is the scientific study of life. The word “biology” has been derived from two Greek words; ‘bios’ meaning ‘life’ and ‘logos’ meaning ‘thought or reasoning’. In the course of biology, we will study how man has thought about living things. To understand and appreciate nature, it is essential to study the structures, functions and related aspects of living organisms. The study of living organisms also provides information and remedies to human problems regarding health, food, environment etc.

2-Solving A Biological problem

The method in which biological problems are solved, is called biological method. It explain the steps that a biologist  do in order to solve a biological problem. This method has played an very important role in scientific research for almost 500 years.

From Galileo’s experiment (in the 1590's) to current research, the biological method has contributed to the advancements in medicine, ecology, technology etc. Biological method also provides the quality of data for public use. Man has been always a biologist. He had to become a biologist in order to live.In history, Man was a hunter of animals and a gatherer of fruits, seeds, roots etc. The more he was knew about animals and their habitat, the more successful hunter he was after this knowledge. The man knew about plants.

3-Biodiversity

At least 10 million kinds of organisms inhabit the Earth but man have only studied less than one third of these and cataloged (put in record) by biologists. Diversity among the Earth’s organisms is more different than the fundamental unity of life. We see these are all organisms share many biological characteristics.Five principal groups of organisms are prokaryotic, protests, fungi, plants, and animals.

In this chapter we will study and focus on the differences among different groups of organisms. And We will also learned and see how are organisms classified and named.

4-Cells And Tissues 

Butterfly wing is a thin sheet of cells, and same the shiny layer of our eyes. The meat we eat daily is composed of cells and its cells soon become part of our cells. Our  fingernails,eyelashes, orange juice, the wood of our pencil - these are all produced by cells. In this chapter we will learn about cells and take a close look on it.

And also we learn about their internal structure. We will also learn how specific cells group together to form tissues.The use of microscope is known as microscopy. The first compound microscope was developed by Zachariah Jansen, in Holland in 1595.I hope dear you download 9th biology book from here.

5-Cell Cycle

The most basic and important characteristic of life is reproduction.This occurs at different levels of organization. Parts of cell chromosomes produce new chromosomes, cells create new cells and individuals produce offspring like themselves. we learn Rudolf  virchow in 1st chapter.Rudolf  virchow proposed an important biological principle i.e. all cells come from cells. This principle tells us that all continuation of life, including all aspects of reproduction, totally based on the reproduction of cells. We usually refer cellular reproduction as cell division.

6-Enzymes

Anabolism includes the biochemical reactions in which larger molecules are synthesized while catabolism includes the biochemical reactions in which larger molecules are broken down.The energy is released in catabolism and it is utilized in anabolism. In this way the biochemical reactions are actually transfers. 

During metabolism, chemicals are transformed from one to another by enzymes.Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they act as biocatalysts and speed up and regulate metabolic pathways.Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. speed up) biochemical reactions and are not changed during the reaction.

These are next three chapters i can't explain this due to an issue so if you want to read this chapters then download 9th Biology book for free.

7-Bio-Energetic

8-Nutrition

9-Transport 

Name	Biology
Pages	279
Language	English Medium
Size	9 MB

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